Motor vehicle performance monitoring system

ABSTRACT

A portable computer based motor vehicle performance monitoring system which performs vehicle characteristic measurements and calculations. The system uses a distance sensor means, a fuel volume flow sensor means, and a fuel temperature sensor means for sensing various vehicle performance characteristics. The system has a computer controlled start/stop feature. It also has a user-prompting programming feature. It also has a combined liquid fuel volume and mass meter which uses a mathematical algorithm which converts volume data to mass data using a temperature sensitive function.

This application is a division of application Ser. No. 350,168, filed2/19/82.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of Invention

This invention relates in general to a system for monitoring andmeasuring motor vehicle performance characteristics and, moreparticularly, said system being adapted for measuring motor vehicledisplacement data and fuel flow data and calculating various performancecharacteristics from said data.

2. Description of the Prior Art

In motor vehicle performance testing, it is necessary to measure andcalculate various motor vehicle performance characteristics. The typesof characteristics measured and calculated are things such as thedistance the vehicle traveled, vehicle speed, acceleration measurements,fuel volume consumed, fuel mass consumed, fuel volume flow rate, fuelmass flow rate, and efficiency ratios such as miles per gallon. In theprior art, these measurements and calculations were made by usingseparate instruments assembled together into an array of instruments ona relay rack. This resulted in complexity of operation, complexity insynchronization between the various instruments, and complexity in theconnection between the various instruments. Therefore there was a greatdeal of time lost putting the array together properly and sometimesthere was also lost data. It would therefore be an advantage of thissystem were incorporated into one unit that performed the desiredfunctions of timing, data measurement, and computation of vehicleperformance characteristics. Further the prior art of using an array ofseparate instruments to perform motor vehicle performance monitoring hadthe problem that these arrays tended to be bulky and difficult to use.Further, the necessity for many different types of instruments made thevehicle performance monitoring systems expensive.

The prior art also does not show a motor vehicle performance monitoringsystem which has an easy set-up procedure and which includes a systemwhich starts the monitoring at a preset point and stops the monitoringat a preset point while calculating all the characteristics. TheWhitaker U.S. Pat. No. 4,296,409 does disclose a combine performancemonitor for monitoring a combine's farming operations. The Whitakerpatent shows the use of combine sensors with a microprocessor to monitorfarming functions of a combine. However the system does not include acomputer controlled starting calculation feature. Only manual startingis available and the stopping calculation is not computer controlled,but once again, requires manual intervention. The device's user controlpanel does not provide for user-prompting programming in that the userwould have to know when to program several features and also how toprogram them. There is no way to know if the user has programmed all thefeatures he wishes to program without him keeping a mental note externalof the system. The present invention features many of the advantages ofthe Whitaker patent in the area of motor vehicles and also featurescomputer calculated start and stop conditions and includes a very easyto use, user-prompting control panel for programming.

Another example of a prior art monitor is the Meyer U.S. Pat. No.4,274,144, but the Meyer patent does not have computer controlled startand stop. It also does not have a user-prompting control system nor isit versatile in calculating many vehicle performance characteristics.The Malin U.S. Pat. No. 4,179,740 shows a vehicle performance analyzerwhich lacks programmability so that it could be used for various vehicleperformance tests and therefore is limited to a small number offeatures. Malin also lacks calculated computer start/stop anduser-prompting programmability. Watson, U.S. Pat. No. 3,549,868 shows afuel-mileage computer. Watson is an example of a limited performancecharacteristic monitor of the type which would need an array of othermonitors in conjunction with it to peform many tests on the vehicle.Further Watson does not have a computer calculated start/stop featureand does not have a user-prompting programmability feature.

One of the vehicle performance characteristics that is important intoday's striving for more economic motor vehicles is the volume and massof the fuel used by the motor vehicle. In the prior art the measurementof fuel mass and volume required the use of expensive mass and volumemeters which had various delicate and difficult to use components.Therefore, the measurement of fuel mass and volume tended to be a verydifficult and/or expensive endeavor. The Duffy U.S. Pat. No. 3,314,524shows a mass flow measuring device which converts volume flow to massflow electronically. However, the system does not calculate both volumeand mass flow values nor does it output volume flow and is therefore nota combined mass and volume flow meter. The Kissel U.S. Pat. No.4,018,964 is a device for controlling the fuel-air ratio for internalcombustion. It incorporates mass measurement but does not have an outputor versatile programming control for vehicle performance testing becauseit is a unit built into the motor vehicle.

Unlike the prior art, the present invention provides for a vehicleperformance monitoring system which incorporates into a single unit thedesired functions of timing, data measurement, and computation ofvehicle performance characteristics. Further, the present inventionprovides for a combined fuel mass and volume meter which is easy to useand inexpensive. The present invention also has computer calculatedstart/stop and a user-prompting programming system that is easy to use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to improved motor vehicle performance monitoringand a feature of the present invention comprises a motor vehicleperformance monitoring system which measures motor vehicle performancecharacteristics. The system comprises motor vehicle performance sensormeans for sensing motor vehicle performance characteristics andproducing data signals corresponding to the motor vehicle performancecharacteristic sensed. The system further comprises computer means whichhave computer parameters which include a starting parameter and astopping parameter. These computer means are engaged with the motorvehicle performance sensor means so as to receive as input the datasignals of the motor vehicle sensor means and to calculate motor vehicleperformance characteristics from said data signals. The system furtherincludes data output means for data output of the computer meanscalculations of motor vehicle performance characteristics. The systemalso includes programming control means for selection and setting ofcomputer parameters and for selection and setting of output data. Andfinally the system includes a data output control means for controllingthe data output means so as to select output data.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a vehicleperformance monitoring system for the measurement of motor vehicleperformance characteristics.

It is further an object of this invention to provide for a system whichincludes a variety of computer controlled start/stop conditions.

It is further an object of this invention to provide a motor vehicleperformance monitoring system that incorporates the desired functions oftiming, data measurement and computation of vehicle performancecharacteristics into a single instrument.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a motor vehicleperformance monitoring system that is easy to use and is readily set upand programmed by a user because the invention includes a user-promptingprogramming system.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a motor vehicleperformance monitoring system that is small and portable andinexpensive.

It is a further object of this invention to provide for a motor vehicleperformance monitoring system which has an improved fuel flow meterwhich calculates both volume flow characteristics and mass flowcharacteristics.

Related objects and advantages will become apparent as the descriptionproceeds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a frontal elevational view of the box which houses thecomputer and the control panel on the front of this box showing thecontrol switches and the digital displays.

FIG. 2 is a drawing depicting the entire system showing the vehicleperformance monitoring sensor means engaged to the computer box.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the states of the computer with relation tothe user.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of theinvention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated inthe drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. Itwill nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of theinvention is thereby intended, such alterations and furthermodifications in the illustrated device, and such further applicationsof the principles of the invention as illustrated therein beingcontemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to whichthe invention relates.

FIG. 1 shows the computer housing box 10 and the control panel 11 on thefront of the box 10. In the preferred embodiment this housing box 10 isextremely portable in that it is light weight and is only 12 inches wideby 4 inches high by 6 inches deep. The control panel 11 has a six digitdigital time display 12 and a six digit digital totalization display 13and a four digit digital rate display 14. The control panel 11 furtherincludes a power switch 15, computer status lights which are a readylight 16, a start light 17, and a stop light 18. The control panel 11further includes an array of switches. In the preferred embodiment theseswitches are of dome switch technology rather than of membranetechnology for the purpose of positive action and tactile feel. Thecontrol panel 11 has a 4×16 array of switches which are grouped intosmall arrays of switches with similar functions. These small arraysconsist of a 1×5 array of time display switches 19, a 1×5 array of modeswitches 20, a 1×5 array of start on switches 21, a 1×5 array of stop onswitches 22, a 1×4 array of distance output switches 23, and a 1×4 arrayof total fuel volume and mass output switches 24. There are elevenswitches for calibration setting during the programming state 47 (FIG.3) and these switches include a 2×5 array of digital number settingswitches 25 for inputting the calibrated value by the user and there isa clear switch 26 for clearing the value. There is a test mode switch27. There are calibration selection switches which include a pulsecalibration switch 29 and a fuel specific gravity calibration switch 30.There is a 2×2 array of analog output gain selection switches 31. Thereis a 1×4 array of speed output switches 32, and a 1×4 array of fuelvolume and mass flow rate output switches 33. There are two fuel economyoutput switches 34. There is a fuel temperature output switch 35 andthere is an acceleration output switch 36. Finally there is a 1×4 arrayof rate display lock at switches 37.

Various small arrays of switches have user-prompting lights adjacent toeach switch. An example is the time display switch user-prompting lights49 which are located adjacent the time display switches 19. All of thesmall switch arrays have user-prompting lights except for the array ofdigital number setting switches 25.

FIG. 2 is a total system overview diagram. The figure shows the distancesensor means 38 which in the preferred embodiment would be a standardfifth wheel. As is known in the art a typical fifth wheel consists of awheel and a transmitter assembly with an etched metal optical encoder.The system basically measures distance by the relation between therotation of the wheel and the pulses of the optical encoder and sends anelectronic signal to the computer housing box 10 via cable 39. Furtherthe fifth wheel would be mounted to the motor vehicle as is known in theart. FIG. 2 also shows a representation of the fuel volume flow sensormeans 40. This sensor 40 is also connected to the computer box 10 by acable 41. In the preferred embodiment a positive displacement flow meteris used. The fuel volume flow sensor means 40 provides an electronicsignal through the cable 41 so as to provide fuel flow data signals tothe computer in the computer housing box 10. Finally the diagram showsthe fuel temperature sensor means 42 which are connected also by a cable43 to the box 10 so as to provide electronic signals from the fueltemperature sensor means 42 to the computer in the computer housing box10. In the preferred embodiment the fuel temperature sensor means 42 isa semiconductor temperature transducer feeding a twelve bit analog todigital converter to digitize temperature data.

The computer housing box 10 contains computer means which are well knownin the art. It is believed that anyone skilled in the art could easilyassemble microprocessor computer means for performing the systemfunctions that are performed by the computer means which are in thecomputer housing box 10 shown in the preferred embodiment. For thepurpose of further disclosure, however, in the preferred embodiment thecomputer box 10 houses five plug in circuit boards connected to a commonmother board so that the entire instrument may be disassembled in amatter of minutes for easy access to all computer components. Thecomputer housing box 10 houses a computer which is configured around anIntel 8085A-2 processor running at 6.5536 megahertz in the preferredembodiment. Program storage is in 8 K bytes stored in two 2732 EMPROMs.One K bytes of the RAM are included on two 2114 chips as are twoidentical buffered ten bit analog to digital converters. Accumulation ofdistance and total fuel information is handled by a single Intel 8253counter/timer. Therefore this information is then accumulated outsidethe processor itself to minimize program execution time. Execution timeof the entire program requires about 175 milliseconds allowing all datato be updated five times per second. The entire front panel matrix of 64switches and 50 individual lamps is scanned by an Intel 8279programmable keyboard/display interface chip. All digital circuitryoperates at 5 volts, an inverter being used to generate ±15 volts forthe analog circuitry. A total of 63 integrated circuits are housed onthe five separate circuit boards. Extensive noise suppression is used toeliminate radio frequency interference and supply voltage fluctuations.The input voltage range is from 8 to 16 volts allowing operation througha vehicle cranking cycle. The total supply current requirements areabout 3 amps depending on the display segments lighted. The entirecomputer program was written in assembly language to achieve the mostcompact code and minimum execution time for the program. The entirememory space, 8,192 bytes of the two 2732 EPROMs is used for programstorage, leaving 4,096 bytes available for future expansion andco-processor control and transfer in a possible third EPROM. The circuitboard layout uses the Bytwide pinout so that 64 K EPROMs may be usedwhen they become economically available. The instrument is constructedso that it is possible to add to or modify the capability of theinstrument to include such quantities as horsepower and brake specificfuel consumption by changing the control program and adding thenecessary circuitry on a board installed in the spare board slot.

The general system layout requires the mounting of the distance sensormeans 38 which is preferably a fifth wheel to the motor vehicle so as tomeasure distance displacement of the motor vehicle as it moves and forthe fuel volume flow sensor means 40 which is preferably a positivedisplacement flow meter to be mounted to the motor vehicle's fuel lineso as to measure fuel flow and for the fuel temperature sensor means 42which is preferably a semiconductor temperature transducer to be mountedto the motor vehicle's fuel line so as to measure the temperature of themotor vehicle fuel being measured by the fuel volume flow sensor means40. The sensors then send electronic signals which correspond to thevehicle performance characteristic of either distance, fuel flow, ortemperature to the computer box 10 via respectively cables 39, 41 and43. Inside the computer box 10, the computer means perform the variouscalculations dependent upon the programming and data output selectedthrough the use of the control panel 11 by the user.

The preferred embodiment allows for easy use by a user. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of how the user would use this system. The user would first turnthe system from the off state 44 to the on default state 45 by turningthe system on with the power switch 15. In the on default state 45 thesystem would set all of its parameters to default values. Then the usercould either go to the ready state 46 or he could select differentvalues than the default values by altering the system's programming inthe programming state 47. The user would press the PROG programmingswitch 48 in the array of mode switches 20 on the control panel 11 toput the system in the programming state 47. The start on switchesuser-prompting lights 50 adjacent to the array of start on switches 21would begin blinking on and off in the start on selection state 64.These lights blinking on and off would aid the user by indicating whathis next available choice is to program the device. This method ofuser-prompting by the machine would allow an inexperienced user toeasily program and set the machine. The lights adjacent to the switchesof the next programming mode he must select blink on and off while thelights adjacent to switches not yet eligible for selection remain off.Thus the user would realize that his selection has to come from amongthis array of switches whose lights are blinking. The user then pressesthe switch of the function he desires among those switches with blinkinglights. The light of the switch he selects then remains on so the usercan easily see which selection he has chosen. Because the system has adefault setting if the user would to fail to make a selection, the lightof the switch which is the default setting would remain on and would notblink so that the user could see which setting he would have if he wouldnot make a selection. The light of all the switches which have been userselected or computer defaulted to remain on. For example, the user wouldpress one of the start-on selections, such as the manual start switch51, and that switch's light 52 would remain on as the remaining start onswitch user-prompting lights 50 would continue blinking. Then the userwould press the NEXT switch which is in the array of mode switches 20and adjacent to the programming switch 48. The start on switchuser-prompting lights 50 would go off and the stop on switchuser-prompting lights 54 adjacent the array of stop on switches 22 wouldstart blinking because the programming state 47 would now be the stop onselection state 65. Again the user would make a choice and so on and soforth as is easily discerned from the programming sequence flow chart55, FIG. 3.

It is important to note that the successive presses of the NEXT switch53 lead the user through the arrays of switches from which the nextselection must be made. This is done because each time the NEXT switch53 is pressed a new array of switches lights up and the prior array ofselections is extinguished. In this way the user must make all thenecessary selections or accept the default setting for that selection.The user must go through all the choices shown in the programmingsequence flow chart 55 before he can get back to the ready state 46.This sequencing insures that the user does not forget to program anyparameters. If the user desires to keep a default setting in any stateselection he can bypass it by pressing the NEXT switch 53 and the systemwill use the default parameter for the state selection which wasbypassed. For example if the user desires to keep the default timedisplay section he would first be in next state 56 he would then pressthe NEXT switch 53 and bypass the time display selection state 58 and godirectly to next state 57.

It should also be noted that the user also can control the calibrationsduring this programming phase for fuel specific gravity and fuel meterpulse rate calibration so that the computer can calculate mass from thevolume data. The user calibrates those values with the digital numbersetting switches 25 and the clear switch 26. This is done when thesystem is in the programming state 47 and in the respective pulsecalibration selection state 71 and the fuel specifec gravity calibrationstate 72.

Once the user has prgrammed the system as he wants it, he can then runthe monitoring test on the vehicle. This is shown by the start state 59and the stop state 60. The change display state 61 shows how the usercan change the units and the characteristics being outputted at any timeduring the test by using the control panel 11 switches. Then the usercan press the reset switch 62 and clear the system of data and return itto the ready state 46.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        INPUTS:                                                                       1.      VEHICLE PERFORMANCE SENSORS                                                   (a) D = Distance Signal                                                       (b) V = Fuel Volume Signal                                                    (c) T = Fuel Temperature Signal                                       2.      PRESET CALIBRATIONS                                                           (a) S.sub.p G = Fuel Specific Gravity                                         (b) II/cc = Fuel Volume Signal II/cc                                  3.      INTERNAL TIMER                                                                (a) t = time                                                          OUTPUTS                                                                       1.      DIGITAL TIME DISPLAY                                                          (a) Time in Seconds (.01, .1 or 1)                                    2.      DIGITAL TOTALIZATION DISPLAY                                          (a) f(D)         Total Distance in Miles, Feet,                                                Kilometers, Meters                                           (b) f(V)         Total Fuel Volume in Gallons,                                                 Cubic Centimeters                                            (c) f(V, S.sub.p G, T)                                                                         Total Fuel Mass in                                                            Pounds, Kilograms                                            3.      DIGITAL RATE DISPLAY                                                  (a)       Starting, Stopping, Average, Continuous                                       Values of:                                                                  (i) f(D, t)                                                                              Vehicle Speed in Miles/                                                       Hour, Feet/Second, Kilome-                                                    ters/Hour, Meters/Second                                           (ii) f(V, t)                                                                             Fuel Volume Flow in                                                           Gallons/Hour, Cubic                                                           Centimeters/Second                                                 (iii) f(V, S.sub.p G, T)                                                                 Fuel Mass Flow in                                                             Pounds/Hour,                                                                  Kilograms/Hour                                                       (iv)    Fuel Economy in Miles/Gallon,                                                 Liters/100 Kilometers                                       (b)       f(T)    Fuel Temperature in °C.                              (c)       f(D, t) Acceleration as a % of Gravity                              4.      ANALOG OUTPUTS OF ALL OF THE ABOVE                                            DIGITAL OUTPUTS                                                       ______________________________________                                    

Table 1 above shows the inputs and the outputs of the system of thepreferred embodiment. The system takes as input the signals from thesensors which are signals corresponding to the distance that the vehicletravels and the volume of the fuel consumed and the temperature of thatfuel and then uses an internal timing device to time the test. Thesystem is so calibrated for fuel specific gravity and fuel volume signalpulse rate during the programming state 47 by the user. From this input,the computer within the computer housing box 10 then calculates thetotal distance travelled, the total volume of fuel used, the total massof fuel used, motor vehicle speed, fuel volume rate, fuel mass rate,fuel economy, the temperature in degrees Centigrade, and acceleration ofthe motor vehicle as a percentage of gravity. The system also calculatesthe starting values, the stopping values, the average values, and thecurrent values of vehicle speed, fuel volume flow rate, fuel mass flowrate, and fuel economy. It is important to note that the system producesoutput of these motor vehicle performance characteristics in variousunits of both English and Metric measurement units.

Of specific notice is the fact that the present motor vehicleperformance system has a combined mass and volume flow meter through theuse of the fuel volume sensor means 40 and the fuel temperature sensormeans 42 and a computer. The computer gets volumetric data andtemperature data and calculates this in an internal equation with apreset specific gravity of the fuel used so that it can convert volumedata to mass data. The present invention particularly takes advantage ofthe computer calculation method for conversion of fuel volumemeasurements to mass measurements by the following equation which hasbeen mathematically and experimentally determined and placed in thecomputer. The values are measured with mass M being in grams, volume Vbeing in cc, and calbriation specific gravity CSG being in g/cc of thefuel at a temperature T of 15.5556° C. (60° F.). Diesel fuel typicallyhas a calibrated specific gravity of 0.825 g/cc at 15.5556° C. Differentfuels have different values for specific gravity SPG at 15.5556° C.##EQU1##

The basic equation converts volume to mass through an algorithm whichcalculates mass as a function of (1) volume, (2) specific gravity, (3)temperature (4) a first order change in specific gravity, and (5) asecond order change in specific gravity.

Overall, the system operates by starting, timing and accumulation offuel and distance, all from zero and at the same time, and laterstopping the accumulation of time, fuel and distance, leaving the totalsdisplayed. Rate quantities such as miles per hour, gallons per hour, andmiles per gallon are available in the rate displays as a snap shot ofthe quantities before, during, and after the timed event or test. Thetotal measurement capabilities of the system, for the sake of clarity isbroken into six categories: the starting mode; the stopping mode;timing; totalization; rate; and miscellaneous functions. These will bedescribed in more detail. The system features the use of an array ofpossible stop and start states. Many of these stop and controlled by thecomputer so that the system could run an entire test with no usercontrol during the test.

There are five starting modes in the preferred embodiment. These arebasically an external starting mode and a calculated starting mode. Theexternal mode requires the use of either the manual starting switch 51on the control panel or an external contact closure logic level or acontact on the brake pedal which would be an external start signal 63.These are selected from their respective switches on the array of starton switches 21. The internally calculated starting modes are the speedequals and motion modes where the system begins calculation once thespeed of the vehicle is either greater than zero for motion or equal toa preset speed equals. This preset speed equals can be set during theprogramming state 47 during the start on selection state 64 by use ofthe digital number setting switches 25 which would set a starting speedthat would be shown on the digital rate display 14 so that the usercould verify he has set the starting speed he desires. Next the systemhas a stop mode which again has five basic modes which are broken intothe two modes of either external or internally calculated modes. Theexternal modes once again are manual stopping switch 66 in the array ofstop on switches 22 or an external contact closure logic level whichwould be an external stop signal 73. The internally connected calculatedstop modes are based on whether the vehicle has attained a speed equalto zero or a speed preset by the user or if the vehicle has traveled apreset distance set by the user during the programming state 47. Thespeed equals is set in the same manner as it is set for the start mode,but the distance equals is set by pressing the digital number settingswitches 25 to obtain the proper stopping distance value which would beshown on the digital totals display 13. Any of the start modes may beused in combination with any of the stop modes allowing for a widevariety of computer controlled start/stop conditions to be used.

The time display switches 19 allow for the digital time display 12 to bein 0.01 second, 0.1 seconds, or 1 second resolutions and also the timedisplay switches 19 allow for modifying the update time of the digitalrate display 14 from its normal rate of 5 updates per second to either 1update per second or 1 update per 10 seconds or 1 update per 100 secondsby pressing respectively either the 1, 10, or 100 switches in the arrayof time display switches 19. These longer update times are useful forsmoothing rapidly changing data when the instantanous values may not beof interest, but longer time averages may be more meaningful. An examplewould be fuel flow or miles per gallon under stop and go conditions overa long period of time.

The totalization category of functions of the system uses the distanceoutput control switches 23 and the total fuel volume and mass outputswitches 24. With these array of switches the digital totalizationdisplay 13 can be altered so that the system will either show the totaldistance traveled by the vehicle or show the total volume of fuelconsumed by the vehicle, or else the total mass of fuel consumed by thevehicle.

The rate quantities category of calculations of the vehicle is displayedon the digital rate display 14. Here, depending on which switches areselected, the vehicle will show the speed of the vehicle or the fuelvolume flow rate, or the fuel mass flow rate, or the economy quantity ofthe vehicle in miles per gallon or liters per 100 kilometers. Thesevalues of speed, fuel flow, and economy can be seen at a starting valuewhen the system first started the calculations, the stopping value whenthe system stopped its calculations, an average value or a continuousvalue showing the value at the present time depending on a choice by theuser using the array of rate display lock-at switches 37. Further, thedigital rate display 14 is capable of also showing temperature indegrees Centigrade using the fuel temperature output switch 35 oracceleration as a percentage of gravity using the acceleration outputswitch 36.

The system has several special features which are a test mode switch 27which allows the system to test itself without having the vehicleperformance monitor sensors attached because the system generates aninternal signal equivalent to 60 miles per hour and a mid range fuelflow signal for the purposes of testing. The system also has a displayhold switch 67 and a display update switch 68. When the display holdswitch 67 is pressed the three digital time 12, totalization 13 and rate14 displays are locked to allow for example the user to copy thedisplayed values down on paper and while the system internally continuesto update these values. Then once the display update switch 68 ispressed, the three displays are updated to the current value. Finallythe system has an interpolation feature where the values calculated atthe starting time and the stopping time are made more accurate byinterpolating between the values just before and after starting and thevalues just before and after stopping. Finally, the system has theanalog outputs 69 which can be used to drive a chart recorder or thelike.

Another significant feature of the system is the change display feature61 which allows the user to alter the displays of distance and time andspeed rate at any time during the test so as to read off differentvalues. For example if the digital totalization display 13 showingdistance in feet, the user could easily press for example the GAL switch70 in the array of total fuel volume and mass switches 24 and thedigital totalization display 13 would now show the volume of fuel ingallons while the internal calculation of all these values would not beaffected by the selection of different displayed output values.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in thedrawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered asillustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood thatonly the preferred embodiment has been shown and described and that allchanges and modifications that come within the spirit of the inventionare desired to be protected.

What is claimed:
 1. A dual purpose liquid fuel meter system for themeasurement of liquid fuel flow volume and mass, said systemcomprising:liquid fuel flow volume sensor means operable (1) to senseliquid fuel volume flow and operable to (2) produce liquid fuel flowsignals; liquid fuel temperature sensor means operable to (1) senseliquid fuel temperature and operable to (2) produce liquid fueltemperature signals; computer means arranged to operate based upon a setof computer parameters, said computer means being electrically connectedwith said (1) liquid fuel flow volume sensor means and (2) electricallyconnected with said liquid fuel temperature sensor means and operable toreceive as input said (a) liquid fuel flow signals and said (b) liquidfuel temperature signals to calculate liquid fuel flow mass calculationsand liquid fuel flow volume calculations; said computer means include analgorithm which calculates mass as a function of (1) said liquid flowsignals, (2) specific gravity, (3) said temperature signals (4) a firstorder change in specific gravity, and (5) a second order change inspecific gravity; and data output means electrically connected with saidcomputer means, said data output means being operable to produce dataoutput of said (1) liquid fuel flow volume calculations and (2) saidliquid fuel flow mass calculations.
 2. The system of claim 1 furtherincluding program control means operable to select computer parametersto be set and to set the computer parameter selected to a specificvalue; anddata output control means operable to control the data outputmeans to select one data output from the group consisting of said liquidfuel flow volume calculations and said liquid fuel flow masscalculations.
 3. The system of claim 2 wherein said computer parametersincluding (1) liquid fuel flow signal calibration parameters and (2)liquid fuel specific gravity calibration parameters.
 4. The system ofclaim 3 wherein said computer means include default parameter meansoperable to set said computer parameters to a default setting.
 5. Thesystem of claim 4 wherein said algorithm includes the followingequation: ##EQU2##
 6. The system of claim 3 wherein said algorithmincludes the following equation: ##EQU3##
 7. The system of claim 2wherein said algorithm includes the following equation: ##EQU4##
 8. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein said computer parameters including (1) liquidfuel flow signal calibration parameters and (2) liquid fuel specificgravity calibration parameters.
 9. The system of claim 8 wherein saidcomputer means include default parameter means operable to set saidcomputer parameters to a default setting.
 10. The system of claim 9wherein said algorithm includes the following equation: ##EQU5##
 11. Thesystem of claim 8 wherein said algorithm includes the followingequation: ##EQU6##
 12. The system of claim 1 wherein said computer meansinclude default parameter means operable to set said computer parametersto a default setting.
 13. The system of claim 12 wherein said algorithmincludes the following equation: ##EQU7##
 14. The system of claim 1wherein said algorithm includes the following equation: ##EQU8##
 15. Adual purpose liquid meter system for the measurement of liquid flowvolume and mass, said system comprising:liquid flow volume sensor meansoperable (1) to sense liquid volume flow and operable to (2) produceliquid flow signals; liquid temperature sensor means operable to (1)sense liquid temperature and operable to (2) produce liquid temperaturesignals; computer means arranged to operate based upon a set of computerparameters, said computer means being electrically connected with said(1) liquid flow volume sensor means and (2) electrically connected withsaid liquid temperature sensor means and operable to receive as inputsaid (a) liquid flow signals and said (b) liquid temperature signals tocalculate liquid flow mass calculations and liquid flow volumecalculations; said set of computer parameters including a referenceliquid specific gravity parameter and a calibrated specific gravityparameter; said computer means include an algorithm which calculatesmass as a function of (1) said liquid flow signals, (2) said temperaturesignals, (3) said reference liquid specific gravity parameter and (4)said calibrated specific gravity parameter; and data output meanselectrically connected with said computer means, said data output meansbeing operable to produce data output of said (1) liquid flow volumecalculations and (2) said liquid flow mass calculations.
 16. The systemof claim 15 further including programming control means electricallyconnected with said computer means and said programming control meansbeing operable to select computer parameters to be set and to set thecomputer parameter selected to a specific value.
 17. The system of claim16 wherein said programming control means have user control meansoperable to select computer parameters to be set by a user and to setthe computer parameter selected to a specific value by a user.
 18. Thesystem of claim 17 wherein said user control means include electricallyenergizable user-prompting means operable to aid the user to readilyoperate the user control means.
 19. The system of claim 15 wherein saidreference liquid specific gravity parameter has the value of thespecific gravity of diesel fuel at 60° F.
 20. The system of claim 15wherein said algorithm calculates mass as a function of (1) a firstorder difference between said reference liquid specific gravityparameter and said calibrated specific gravity parameter and (2) asecond order difference between said said reference liquid specificgravity parameter and said calibrated specific gravity parameter. 21.The system of claim 20 wherein said reference liquid specific gravityparameter has the value of the specific gravity of diesel fuel at 60° F.22. The system of claim 15 wherein said algorithm includes the followingequation: ##EQU9##
 23. The system of claim 20 wherein said algorithmincludes the following equation: ##EQU10##
 24. The system of claim 15wherein said computer means include default parameter means operable toset said computer parameters to default settings.
 25. A dual purposeliquid meter system for the measurement of liquid flow volume and mass,said system comprising:liquid flow volume sensor means operable (1) tosense liquid volume flow and operable to (2) produce liquid flowsignals; liquid temperature sensor means operable to (1) sense liquidtemperature and operable to (2) produce liquid temperature signals;computer means arranged to operate based upon a set of computerparameters, said computer means being electrically connected with said(1) liquid flow volume sensor means and (2) electrically connected withsaid liquid temperature sensor means and operable to receive as inputsaid (a) liquid flow signals and said (b) liquid temperature signals tocalculate liquid flow mass calculations and liquid flow volumecalculations; said computer means include an algorithm which calculatesmass as a function of (1) said liquid flow signals, (2) said temperaturesignals, and (3) a correction factor based upon the difference between areference liquid specific gravity parameter and a calibrated specificgravity parameter; and data output means electrically connected withsaid computer means, said data output means being operable to producedata output of said calculations.
 26. A liquid meter system for themeasurement of liquid mass flow, said system comprising:liquid flowvolume sensor means operable (1) to sense liquid volume flow andoperable to (2) produce liquid flow signals; liquid temperature sensormeans operable to (1) sense liquid temperature and operable to (2)produce liquid temperature signals; computer means arranged to operatebased upon a set of computer parameters, and said computer means beingelectrically connected with said (1) liquid flow volume sensor means and(2) electrically connected with said liquid temperature sensor means andoperable to receive as input said (a) liquid flow signals and said (b)liquid temperature signals to calculate liquid flow mass calculations;said set of computer parameters including a calibration specific gravityparameter and a reference liquid specific gravity parameter; calibrationmeans electrically connected with said computer means for calibratingsaid calibrated specific gravity parameter; said computer means includean algorithm which calculates mass as a function of (1) said liquid flowsignals, (2) said liquid temperature signals (4) a first orderdifference between said reference liquid specific gravity parameter andsaid calibrated specific gravity parameter, and (5) a second orderdifference between said reference liquid specific gravity parameter andsaid calibrated specific gravity parameter; and data output meanselectrically connected with said computer means, said data output meansbeing operable to produce data output of said calculations.
 27. Thesystem of claim 26 wherein said calibration means includes (1) a defaultsetting means for setting said calibrated specific gravity parameter toa default value and (2) a user calibration control means operable by auser to change said default setting and calibrate said calibratedspecific gravity parameter to a value desired by the user.